Past And Present Challenges Facing Wardens Criminology Essay

Past And interpret Challenges Facing Wardens Criminology EssayWardens are responsible for the organization and operation of prison houses. To set up this, prison wardens are usually assisted by several proxy wardens, typically one each for management, custody, industry, and treatment programs. One of the main goals for them is to set up public uprightty and to insure the safety of inmates and staff inside. However, wardens also slope to face outward in their daily duties, dealing with politicians, administrators in the primal office of corrections, the media, and interest groups (Allen, Latessa, Ponde, 2010). A tortuous business line, wardens are trained twain as correctional officers and administrators. George A. Neotti is the warden at Donovan State Prison in San Diego, California. He is responsible for 4,400 inmates and 1,700 staff. Mr. Neotti claims that disciplining employees and making them do what must be done to visit the prisons rules is one of the biggest chal lenges in his position. A nonher challenge is budget cuts. Since we all experience prisons are paid with the public funds, and Neotti has to use these funds appropriately and responsibly to operate the prison. Unfortunately because of budget cuts, m some(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) prison programs confirm been importantly decreased or wipe out totally disappeared. Among these are substance jest at programs, educational programs, and vocational programs. Neotti has faced in the past and is currently lining umteen lawsuits against him by inmates, he challenges threats among inmates and employees at the prison. He also deals with b deprivation-market such as drugs and cell phones. He said that heroin, cocaine, meth sinister is often smuggled in by mail or visitors, volunteers or redden employees, often through the rectum. This really jeopardizes the employees safety, for prisons can be quite an violent.Another big and complicated challenge is the overcrowding of prisons . Even though many new prisons have been built throughout the nation during the past 20 yrs to accommodate the growing number of inmates, prison overcrowding is still rattling oftentimes a reality in many jurisdictions. Some of the more or less crowded prisons are those in federal system, which recently stood at 34% over capacity (Schmalleger, 2010). To fix this problem, lawmakers across the nation are seek to save money with a drastic potentially dangerous budget-cutting intention releasing tens of thousands of convicts from prison. Among these inmates include drug addicts, thieves, and withal violent criminals (Schamalleger, 2010). If officials acknowledge that the thought carries risks, then why are they doing this? Do they not have any other choice? They must find a better route to manage the overcrowding in prisons instead of just releasing them. The appropriate strong belief or punishment has to be equally proportionate with the crime committed, alone if punishmen t is the intentional infliction of pain on a soul that is convicted of a crime, what is the appropriate punishment for a criminal demeanour? there are several types of punishment in criminal law. A indict able-bodied defendant is punished by either period of incarceration in a jail or prison, a fine paid to the government, or in exceptional cases, life in prison or even death penalty. Crimes are divided into 2 broad classes Felonies that have a maximum possible sentence of more than one year incarceration, and Misdemeanors that have a maximum possible sentence of less than one year incarceration. Defendant can be found guilty or not guilty. The purpose of in criminal punishment has divided into two schools that have battled for five centuries payback and Prevention (Samaha, 2008). Wardens and administrators will continue to face many challenges among jails and prisons until they find a solution for a better life among inmates, employees and volunteers members. punitory Office rsIn the past, staff members were called guards. straightaway, if we call correctional officers guards, it is more likely to blow out of the water them. According to Allen at al. (2010) punitive Officers represent women and men charged with control, course management, and observation of the inmates in jails and prisons of America, they also found that by 2007, more than 250,000 uniform custody staff members were working in state, federal, and local adult prisons in America. Harold Lilly, who worked for the North Carolina Department of correction from 1950-1986, say that in his early career, prisoners use to work on the roads, ate and slept, and that was it. There was no classification, no reclamation there was a state law that every prisoner must work preferably on the exaltedways and thats what they did. He also mentioned that todays correctional facilities are complex because among other things they provide substance abuse treatment, medical services, job training, educatio n and other rehabilitative programs. He concluded that in this complex environment, correctional officers who play a critical role in the safe and secure operation of todays correctional facilities have replaced the old guards. In the past, correctional officers did little documentation. For example, if they locked and inmate up, they reported it verbally to the captain on duty. They did not write reports. Harold (2005) said that in old days, you had what you referred to as a guidebook. Today correctional officers must follow standards, policies and bureaucratic regulations and obligations for corrections staff members. If correctional officers use force today, they have to do an official report with videotapes and corroborating licence along with it. The training programs are more drastic than before even that this career does not require a degree, correctional instructors should explain the tutelage of the training, which is to protect the state from further inmate litigation, a nd they should inform their students that future tariff for courtroom resolutions rests with corrections personnel (Allen at el. 2010). In my opinion Correctional Officers must obtain a higher education than just high school or a GED. Having a degree in sociology or criminal justice helps to obtain positive values and understand the center of this position leading to accomplish the goal, but the state must adjoin the salary to encourage people to pursue this career but because the cost for training programs are very expensive, and also correctional officers with a lack of education or knowledge tend to resign this position deep down a year or two, this salary will continue to be very low.Correctional officers are the ones that interact with inmates 24 hours a day, and an add of violence, due in part to a rise in prison gangs, put many officers in the trenches or our nations prisons prison violence, crime, and drug trafficking are ways of life for most inmates in high-custody p risons (Allen at el. 2010). According to Beck T. (2005) in the old days, a guard told a prisoner what he treasured him to do and that was that. Today, a correctional officer must be able to understand and enforce a complex system of rules and regulations. Beck also stated that in the old days, a guard might inflict incorporated punishment if an inmate disobeyed an order. Today, an officer must be able to stagger potentially dangerous situations without the use of force. Beck concluded that in the old days, guards by word of mouth reported the days happenings to the next shift. Today, an officer must document epochal incidents in a specialized computer database.Punishments and RemediesTo make punishment efficacious, two things are necessary. First, they must never be disproportioned to the offense. And second, they must be certain. The differences in the midst of civil law and criminal laws are as follow bend LawThose found guilty of violating the criminal law are punished. Retr ibution the oldest justification for punishment is to satisfy peoples need for retribution that is an act of righteous vengeance by which society makes the offender suffer as much as the suffering caused by the crime.Prevention looks forward and inflicts pain to balk future crimes. There are four kinds of prevention.General Deterrence a goal of criminal sentencing that seeks to prevent others from committing crimes similar to the one for which a item offender is being sentenced by making an example of the person sentenced. peculiar(a) Deterrence a goal of criminal sentencing that seeks to inhibit criminal behavior through the fear of punishment.Incapacitation prevents convicted criminals from committing future crimes by locking them up, or more rarely, by altering them surgically or executing them.Rehabilitation the elbow grease to reform a criminal offender. Rehabilitation Seeks to bring about primaeval changes in offenders and their behavior (Schmalleger, 2010).